Arabidopsis thaliana, a small annual plant, typically reaching 20-25 cm in height, forms a rosette of green to slightly purplish leaves at its base, with smaller stem leaves. It has tiny flowers in a corymb and produces small fruits containing 20-30 seeds. Its simple roots interact with rhizosphere bacteria. Lifecycle lasts about 6 weeks with self-pollination. In laboratory, it thrives in various conditions, including Petri plates, pots, hydroponics, fluorescent lights, or greenhouses.